A number of risk factors have been associated to the stroke and many strategies have been proposed in order to control them as well. Vitamin K has been largely found in brain, which suggests a possible function at that tissue. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of this vitamin on the prevention of risk factors to stroke and on cognitive function on SHRSP rats. Twelve SHRSP males, 15 weeks old, were divided into two groups (n= 6 each), receiving the vehicle-coconut oil (control group) or 40 μg of phylloquinone (treated group) during 28 days. Biological parameters, systolic blood pressure and lipid profile were evaluated. Both groups were submitted to the neurological tasks. The data was treated by Student's t test and ANOVA one-way test being P<0.05 considered significant. The phylloquinone supplementation showed a statistically significant reduction in the treated group of all parameters of lipid profile and systolic blood pressure when compared to the control group. Neurological evaluation indicated a statistically significant improvement in the performance of long term memory tests in the treated group, without similar findings in the evaluation of short memory. In sum, phylloquinone supplementation was shown to modulated lipid profile and protect neuronal suffering in this model.

Several studies characterize the connection of overweight and obesity with chronic diseases. Therefore, new alternatives are being studied for controlling hypertension, such as chitin and chitosan fibers, commonly found on crustacean's carapace like Emerita brasiliensis. Rats from two different strains were divided into control and supplemented groups (n=6). The Wistar strain experiment started with a 14-days baseline period, followed by supplementation of E.brasiliensis flour added to the diet in the doses of 5, 10 and 20%, for a 14-days period each. With the optimal dose of 20%, the study was undertaken with SHR rats, starting with a 7-days baseline period, followed by three weeks of supplementation. Data were evaluated using one-way ANOVA and p<0.05 was significant. There was a clinical reduction of systolic blood pressure on Wistar rats, but only SHR rats showed a significant reduction of systolicblood pressure and total cholesterol, LDL-cho with an increase of HDL-cho. Those findings were not related to body weight changes but, instead they were associated to E. brasiliensis flour effect on serum lipid profile. This study showed that this flour could be an alternative for controlling the hypertension and hypercholesterolemia.

O processo do envelhecimento e alguns transtornos, incluindo hipertensão, foram estreitamente associados ao estresse oxidativo. Em relação à riboflavina (vitamina B2), existe uma possibilidade de que suas propriedades antioxidantes podem contribuir para controlar esse evento. Assim, esse estudo utilizou vinte e quatro ratos machos jovens e velhos normotensos (Wistar), sendo subdivididos em dois grupos: tratado (riboflavina 10 mg / kg de peso corporal) e o controle (recebendo veículo). Foram avaliados diariamente aspectos físicos e comportamentais. A pressão arterial sistólica foi determinada duas vezes por semana e a toxicidade hepática foi investigada no final do tratamento. Os dados foram avaliados usando ANOVA one-way e p <0,05. A suplementação não alterou os aspectos de saúde geral dos ratos tratados, no entanto, a suplementação provocou uma significativa (p <0,05) redução da pressão arterial sistólica.

The aim of this article was to study the response of young and adult rats on the supplementation of diet with riboflavin. Twenty-four young and adult normotensives (Wistar) male rats, subdivided into two groups: treated (10mg riboflavin/Kg of body weight) and control (receiving vehicle) were daily evaluated for physical and behavioural aspects. Systolic blood pressure was determined twice a week and liver toxicity was investigated it the end of treatment. Data were evaluated using one-way ANOVA and p<0.05 was significant. There were no changes on general health aspects of the treated rats; however, the supplementation provoked a significant (p<0.05) systolic blood pressure reduction.

Foi estudada a sensibilidade de ratos espontaneamente hipertensos (SHR) adultos ao efeito diabetogênico da estreptozotocina (STZ). Os animais foram subdivididos em grupos: controle (tampão citrato), 40 mg/kg ou 50 mg/kg de estreptozotocina, sendo analisados parâmetros biológicos gerais, pressão arterial sistólica, níveis sanguíneos de glicose e insulina. Ambas doses foram capazes de induzir hiperglicemia acima de 300 mg/dl, entretanto a dose de 50 mg/kg provocou efeitos fisiológicos mais pronunciados no peso corpóreo, diurese, ingestão hídrica e de ração. Não houve alteração da pressão arterial sistólica em qualquer dose. Nossos achados sugerem que SHRs não necessitam de doses de estreptozotocina acima de 40 mg/kg com para produzir diabetes, provavelmente porque essa cepa é muito mais sensível do que ratos normotensos. A estreptozotocina pode ser a droga de escolha para induzir diabetes sem provocar alterações na pressão arterial, permitindo o uso desse modelo experimental nos estudos da hipertensão induzida pelo diabetes.

The sensitivity of adult spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) to the diabetogenic effect of streptozotocin (STZ) was studied. The animals were subdivided into three groups: control (citrate buffer), streptozotocin 40 mg/kg or 50 mg/kg, and general biologic parameters were analyzed, in addition to systolic blood pressure, blood glucose and insulin levels determinations. Both doses were able to induce hyperglycemia above 300 mg/dl; however, 50 mg/kg provoked a more pronounced physiological alterations in body weight, diuresis, water and food intake. There was no change on systolic blood pressure with either dose. Results suggested that SHRs did not need doses of streptozotocin above 40mg/kg in order to produce diabetes probably because this strain was much more sensible than normotensive rats. In addition, streptozotocin might be a drug choice to induce diabetes without provoking alterations in the blood pressure which allowed the use of this experimental model in the studies of induced hypertension-diabetes.

OBJETIVO: Investigar se a suplementação com doses suprafisiológicas de beta-caroteno exerce efeito positivo no controle da hipertensão arterial, e detectar possíveis efeitos adversos dessa suplementação. MÉTODOS: Ratos espontaneamente hipertensos (n=12) e normotensos (n=12) com 20 semanas, foram submetidos a um período basal de 10 dias, e subdivididos em 4 grupos de 6 animais, suplementados com beta-caroteno em três diferentes doses: 2,5mg, 3,75mg e 5,0mg por animal, via gavagem orogástrica diária, durante 14 dias para cada dose, intercaladas por um período de wash-out de 7 dias; os grupos controle receberam apenas o veículo (óleo de coco). Foram ainda submetidos à avaliação ectoscópica para possível detecção de efeitos tóxicos ou interação entre nutrientes, e à análise dos parâmetros biológicos; a pressão sistólica foi aferida por pletismografia duas vezes na semana, em dias alternados. Após o período de suplementação os animais foram sacrificados, e tiveram o peso do fígado determinado pelo método de Scherle. RESULTADOS: A administração de beta-caroteno não levou a alterações dos parâmetros biológicos dos animais, assim como não foi detectado efeito tóxico. Quanto à pressão arterial sistólica, as duas linhagens apresentaram redução significante (p<0,05), sendo a maior redução observada durante administração da terceira dose. O peso médio do fígado foi de 7,25 (desvio-padrão 3,2) gramas, e a relação média do peso do órgão/média do peso corpóreo igual a 0,0192 para o grupo dos hipertensos. CONCLUSÃO: A suplementação de beta-caroteno tem efeito positivo tanto no controle quanto na prevenção da hipertensão arterial de ratos. A relação peso do fígado/peso corpóreo apresentou-se dentro dos padrões de normalidade.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate if supplementation with supraphysiological doses of beta-carotene has a positive effect on controlling hypertension and detect possible adverse effects of this supplementation. METHODS: 20-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (n=12) and normotensive rats (n=12) were submitted to a basal period of 10 days, then divided into 4 groups of 6 animals and supplemented daily by orogastric gavage with beta-carotene in 3 different doses: 2.5mg, 3.75mg and 5.0mg/animal during 14 days for each dose that was inserted by a seven day wash-out period; control groups received only coconut oil. Animals were submitted to ectoscopic evaluation to detect possible toxic effects or interaction between nutrients and analysis of biological parameters; systolic blood pressure was measured by plethysmography twice a week on alternate days; after the supplementation period, animals were killed and their livers weighed by the Scherle method. RESULTS: Administration of beta-carotene did not alter the animals' biological parameters or cause any toxic effects. Regarding systolic blood pressure, both lineages showed significant results (p<0.05), with the highest dose presenting the best results. The average liver weight was 7.25 (3.2 standard-deviation) grams, and the relationship between the average liver weight and body weight was 0.0192 for the hypertensive group. CONCLUSION: Beta-carotene supplementation was effective in controlling and preventing hypertension in rats. The relationship between liver weight and body weight was normal.

Investigar os prováveis benefícios dos hábitos culturais orientais, incluindo o consumo de Camellia sinensis (chá verde) na prevenção de doenças crônicas. Trinta e quatro indivíduos entre 25 e 84 anos, de ambos os sexos, pertencentes à comunidade nipônica do Rio de Janeiro, RJ, foram submetidos a anamnese alimentar e questionário socio-econômico-cultural. Dos indivíduos, 76% consumiam chá verde, sendo que 35% o ingeriam diariamente e 27% esporadicamente. Verificou-se que o consumo regular de álcool era predominante nos não usuários de chá verde, quando comparados com os apreciadores da bebida (50% e 35%, respectivamente, faziam uso de álcool). Não foi observado sedentarismo na amostra. Dos apreciadores do chá, 81% não apresentavam doenças crônicas. Já entre os consumidores, observamos um menor percentual de doenças crônicas, especialmente, de hipertensão, porém sem significância estatística.

To investigate the probable benefits of Asian dietary habits, including the intake of Camellia sinensis (green tea), in preventing chronic-degenerative diseases. Thirty-four individuals aging from 25 to 84 years from a Japanese community in Rio de Janeiro answered a socioeconomic-cultural questionnaire. Seventy-six percent of the individuals consumed green tea, where 35% consumed it daily and 27% consumed it sporadically. The regular intake of alcohol predominated among the non-consumers of green tea, when compared with green tea consumers (50% and 35%, respectively consumed alcoholic beverages). None of the individuals in the sample had a sedentary lifestyle. Among the individuals who consumed green tea, 81% did not have any chronic illnesses. The consumers of tea presented a lower incidence of chronic diseases, especially hypertension, but it was not statistically significant.